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Jupiter is the giant of planets, eleven times greater than the diameter of the Earth and more than three hundred times its mass, with tremendous gravitational pressures and rotations that create in their dense atmosphere an ammoniac methane vortex and.
With an orbital radius of 777 million km, to Jupiter as soon as the light and the heat arrive from the distant Sun, and the life as we know it is unimaginable. The identity of this planet as the King of the Gods complies well to his heroic size in the Solar System, like its courtship of twelve moons; four of these discovered Galileo to them in 1610, can be observed from the Earth with good prisms binocular.
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Distance from the Sun (Semimajor axis of orbit) 778,412,010 km 5.20336301 A.U. Mean Equatorial Radius Volume (Earth = 1) Mass Density Gravity Escape Velocity (at equator) Sidereal Rotation Period Sidereal Orbit Period (Earth years) Mean Orbit Velocity Orbit Eccentricity Orbit Inclination to Ecliptic Inclination of Equator to Orbit Atmospheric Temperature (at level with pressure = 1 bar) Major Atmospheric Constituents Natural Satellites |
The period of revolution of Jupiter around the Sun is of 11,86 years. The approach of this cycle to the twelve years means that Jupiter crosses I follow of the zodiac every year, like the Sun every month. This correspondence of movements took to the first Chinese astrologers to call to Jupiter Star of the Year . In China young that the planet generated the power of each star group that it crossed, and, like in the European astrology, a hacedor divine of laws was considered, in syntony with the human administration of the authority of the terrenal world. In imaginería Chinese traditional, Jupiter appears like official nobleman or magistrate, that is to say, like the local representative of the imperial authority in each one of the Chinese cities. The cycle of twelve years closely was related to the twelve branches of the sexagesimal system (developed from the number it bases 60) of the old Chinese calendar, and in as early date as century IV a.C. we found the following observations on this key rate in the text Chi Nor Tzu : With wise decision and wise person judgment, with aid of tao, the excesses can be used to remedy shortages... will have to be constructed cars during the riadas ones, will have to prepare boats during sequias. The abundant harvests arrive every six years and hambrunas each twelve. Thus, the wise person, predicting the recurrences of the nature, prepares itself for the future adversity .
In mesopotámica mythology, Jupiter was the planet of Marduk, the God patrono of Babylonia. Marduk seems to have begun its life like an agricultural deity, to which it was associated with the fertilizing power of the water. This idea can be tracked until the Roman world, where it was honored to Jupiter like Jupiter Pluvius , the one that brought the rain, that is between the mayores blessings that a God of the sky can grant the humanity.
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Epic mesopotamic of creation, of that it is thought that it dates from the second millenium before ours was, provides the most complete image of estatus that was granted to him to Marduk. The first four generations of Gods were created from the pair primigenia, the God Apsu and the Tiamat goddess, but its descendants were so irritating noisy that Apsu wanted to destroy them to be able to continue sleeping. Ea, one of the descendants, knew it, and killed Apsu. Nevertheless, Tiamat, eager of revenge, sent a bustle of horrifying monsters. The Gods seemed the condemned until Marduk, son of Ea, responded to the call of its father so that it helped him against so frightful enemies. Nevertheless, Marduk accepted to only save the Gods of the threat of Tiamat if they promised to grant the supreme authority to him: They will be my words those that fix the destiny instead of yours. What I create will not have to be altered. What leaves my lips will never be revoked, will never change. Reunited in assembly, the Gods wanted that it passed a test before being put under similar condition. They placed a constellation in the middle of them and they requested to him to Marduk that destroyed it and it recreated it according to his will: It spoke and the constellation vanished. It spoke again, and it returned to be created the constellation. Before this, the Gods rejoiced and they called king to him and since then Marduk it was known him as Shepherd Stars. It captured the monsters of Tiamat and soon it assassinated to the goddess primigenia. Marduk divided in two halves its corpse as if outside a fish to dry and it turned them into the sky and the Earth, and of his escupitajo made clouds, the wind and rain. |
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One of the first passages of the creation of Marduk was the allocation from three regions to the Gods Even, Enlil and its Ea father : these three constituted the great trinidad jointly. By the planispheres and prophetic texts of the called series Ea Enlil we even know that the Babylonians divided skies in three ways. The way of was Even the equatorial belt, the way of Ea was the outer way to the south of the equator, and the way of Enlil was the interior of northern circumpolar stars. Throughout each way there are twelve stars that show the months of the year, and every month is marked by the heliac exit of a star. Enlil or Bel ( Sir ) was originally a deity sumeria of the sky, but frequently it was identified to him with Marduk like an only compound figure. But the three together Gods form a complete cosmology. |
Ea is seated in the figure of the left Courtesy of the British Museum |
Jupiter & TetisJupiter was the most powerful God of the Roman pantheon and presented/displayed the same characteristics that Zeus of Greek mythology. In 1811, the neoclassic painter French Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres made east oil in which the nymph Tetis, old lover hers, goes to him to request to him that it interyields by his son Aquilles. |
As it happens with other planets, our Jupiter name comes from the Roman version of a Greek deity, in this case of Zeus, the main one of the twelve Olympic Gods. The first myths on Zeus maintain a surprising parallelism with some aspects of the mesopotámico Marduk, but in the Greek philosophical thought later Zeus I finish reaching estatus to be the abstract essence of the divine law. This philosophical elevation already had taken its mythologic position when becoming Zeus the giver of the laws of the own Gods, and the father without rival of the Olympic ones. The individual Gods are like separated personalities of a same real family, unified in the person of Zeus, who not only represented the supreme one to be able over all the pantheon, but that appears like exponent of the divine dominion in general, so that all the plegarias go to him. |
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Masm(Last update 08.29.2006)
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